2011年3月29日星期二

architecture design 3 DAB310 project 1


Preject 1 Part A


Exemplar 1 the Suitcase House









   The Commune beside the Great Wall, which is located in an 8 square kilometers beautiful valley, is a villa area. It consists of 12 villas designed by 12 Asian outstanding architects; each building has an entirely different architectural style. They look like 12 elegant sculptures decorating the quiet valley. This villa area was rated as one of the Chinese top 10 modern architectural marvels by an American magazine called Business Week. As the most interesting building in this area, Suitcase House will be introduced in this graphic panel. The architect, the original idea, the surrounding environment and layout of this building will be analysed.
 
  The designer of the Suitcase House, Gary Chang, graduated from Hong Kong University in 1987 and established his own architectural company in 1994. His design philosophy can be simplified to 4 words: Choice, Change, Co-existing and Connection. In his mind, the best relationship between people and space is not how to control but how to extend space. A wonderful architecture and interior design should be very relaxed and comfortable, and can provide a lot of changes and choices, reacting to the feelings of residents each day. Gary Chang gained inspiration for the Suitcase House from his hometown, Hong Kong which is one of the most densley populated areas in the world. Following Hong Kong’s principle of utilizing every available space, Gary Chang has decided to challenge the maximization of space use.
 
  Suitcase House has become famous not because of the insipid cuboid appearance but the highly flexible internal arrangement. When people first come into this building, a space without any spacing creates a feeling of emptiness and simplicity. Even without walking around, visitors can still see every corner within this room. However, what looks like a crude room is a fully functional hotel, by relocation of walls and sliding doors, the room can be changed into 24 different layouts to match all daily human activities. 4 bedrooms with independent toilets were placed in the four corners of the first floor. Three maid’s bedrooms, boiler, laundry and a sauna were located in the ground floor, connected to first floor by a stair which can be folded to the roof.


A house as an environmental filter

  The exterior of Suitcase House is in harmony with the surrounding environment by essentially adopting Yunnan-teak as the building material.. The simple shape and concise design of this large building make it become a part of  nature. In order to complete a panorama of the Great Wall and get appropriate amounts of sunlight in the continental temperate climate, Gary Chang placed Suitcase House on a steep north facing slope with a north-south orientation. Repeating large glass windows were adopted to create a feeling of outdoors, and therefore, people can enjoy the grand view of the great wall from any major room within this house. A narrow internal space, which is only about 5 meters wide, creates a wonderful ventilation condition, and in this way, air-conditioning is kept to a minimum.


A house as a container of human activity
 
  The internal space is the essence of Suitcase House and can be simplified to one word, flexible. The house is like a “Transformer” as by relocating sliding walls and hinged plans, the internal space can be changed infinitely to match daily scenarios. The first floor can be opened up to a totally uninterrupted space 44 meters by 5 meters by removing all sliding partitions. Several chambers were built instantly by opening the panels which were hided under the floor and service as library, dining room, reflection space, kitchen, music room and so on. People can rearrange the rooms based on their mood and daily activity.

  A house as a delightful experience

  A lot of environmentally friendly elements were extensively used in The Suitcase House. Almost all the house was covered by timber, a large number of windows capture an appreciative amount of natural light and breeze, the narrow space creates a perfect condition for ventilation. The location and orientation of The Suitcase House also provide an amazing view of the surrounding landscape.  

References：



Exemplar 2 the Marika Alderton House





Location: Yirrkala Community, Eastern Arnhem Land, NT, Australia. Architect: Glenn Murcutt
Structural design and documentation: James Taylor & Associates
Year: 1994
A house as an environmental filter 
  • Glenn Murcutt designed this house with wood panel louver windows rather than glass windows, as  glass windows were too weak for the harsh weather.
  •  All the wood panel louvers windows can be opened to 90 degrees to maximize ventilation.
  •  Wide eaves block most of the sunlight and provide shadow.
  •  Air can pass through under the bottom of the house which is raised by several metal pillars. Airflow can enter the house from numerous small gaps in the floorboards.
  •  Roof ventilators exhaust hot air.
A house as a container of human activity
  •     The Marika Alderton House was designed for an aboriginal artist who lives in the hot, tropical climate of Australia's Northern Territory.
  •  Younger family members sleep in the centre of the house while elders sleep beside the western wall which is close to the outside.
  •  A large eastern open space designed for public activities is separated from the western private sleeping area.
  •  The large open layout allows kids to play around the house and also provide enough space for aboriginal activities.
A house as a delightful experience
  •  Delightful experience comes from
  •  The good ventilation.
  •  Rational space arragement that separates private areas from public spaces.
  •  The use of environmentally friendly and economical materials.
  •  The low maintenance costs and energy saving.




References:


Exemplar 3 the Balaam Residence











Location: Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Architect: Shaun Lockyer (Arkhefield)
Year: 2006


A house as an environmental filter
  • The Balaam Residence is successful in creating a private area in a very public space where there are about 500 apartments in tall buildings.
  • This house was built upward and in layers to capture the garden landscape on the west and avoid neighbor-overlook on the east side.
  • This residence is very power efficient with natural ventilation at its core using operable louvers, shutters and blinds that create good ventilation conditions and natural day light.
A house as a container of human activities
  • Balaam Residence is a three storey accommodation, which includes 4 bedrooms, a garage, entertainment area, living room, outdoor living area, pool and so forth.
  • Public space and private space are separated and work well in Balaam house.
  • Public atmosphere has been successfully shut outside by the reasonable arrangement of this house.
A house as a delightful experience
  • People can enjoy a beautiful river view and city landscape on the balcony.
  •  A wonderful private garden was designed for children as a playground and to relax around the campfire.
  • Environmental friendly designs were widely used in this building, including rainwater harvester, solar water heater, passive “heat stack” cross ventilation, solar controlled louvers and so forth.



Reference：




Preject 1 Part B
Suitcase House hand drawing


















Preject 1 Part C


My design
To build a fully functional cabin, which includes living room, studio, reflecting room, dining room, kitchen, bedroom and so forth, with only 75 square meters internal enclosed space, is a challenge. In order to create a feeling of width in such a tiny cabin, I used a split-level design to separate different spaces rather than using walls. Therefore, a 2 storey cabin with a half opening bedroom in the top and working space in the middle was built. The owner can see all corners when they stand in the bedroom and here is the only place where it is possible to  get a full view of this house. The Panorama of the living room can also be captured into a working space. However, the view to the bedroom is limited in this spot, as the working space is 1.5 meters lower than the bedroom and its non-transparent wood guardrail blocks most view come from the lower space. The perception of a wide living room is created by hiding the kitchen and dining table under the operable wood floor board. The living room is approximately 40 square meters when the operable wooden floor boards are in their original position. Two huge French windows are designed in the north and south of the living room to maximize the feeling of width and let more natural elements come into this house.

The natural ventilation and lighting system is another key feature in my design. Considering the prevailing wind in summer, a number of French windows are embedded in the wall of the studio and bedroom to complete the airflow pathway. There are two roof windows with electric louvers facing north-east to capture the prevailing wind and control the amount of wind to an appreciate level. The split-level arrangement and roof windows provide sunlight for every room in this house. 5 meter high electric louvers in the living room are controlled by software. Therefore, different lighting conditions in this area can be created according to the owner’s mood. For example, the louvers would be closed if they want to watch movies or listen to music; the louver would follow the sun path if they want to allow in more light for the indoor reading or activities.



















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